Operating System
Multiple Choice Questions

Software that manages computer hardware and software resources

A programming language

A type of application software

A hardware component

Windows

Linux

macOS

Microsoft Office

The core component that manages system resources

A user interface

A file system

A device driver

Monolithic has all services in kernel, microkernel has minimal kernel

Microkernel has all services in kernel, monolithic has minimal kernel

Both have all services in kernel

Both have minimal kernel

To allow user programs to request services from the kernel

To manage memory allocation

To handle file operations

To manage processes

The program that initializes the OS at system startup

A program that manages files

A program that manages memory

A program that handles errors

A program in execution

A program stored on disk

A file

A device driver

Processes are independent, threads share resources

Threads are independent, processes share resources

Both are independent

Both share resources

New, Running, Waiting, Ready, Terminated

Start, Run, Stop, Pause

Active, Inactive, Suspended

Open, Closed, Pending

Switching the CPU from one process to another

Switching between threads

Switching between programs

Switching between operating systems

A data structure containing process information

A hardware component

A type of memory

A file system

To allocate CPU time to processes

To allocate memory to processes

To allocate I/O to processes

To allocate files to processes

First Come First Served

First Come First Scheduled

Fast CPU First Served

First CPU First Served

Shortest Job First

Shortest Job Fast

Simple Job First

Standard Job First

Each process gets a fixed time quantum

Processes run until completion

Shortest process runs first

Priority-based scheduling

Preemptive allows process interruption, non-preemptive doesn't

Non-preemptive allows process interruption, preemptive doesn't

Both allow interruption

Neither allows interruption

Processes with higher priority run first

Processes with lower priority run first

All processes run equally

Random process selection

To have multiple queues for different process types

To have a single queue for all processes

To prioritize all processes equally

To randomize process selection

A segment of code that accesses shared resources

A segment of code that doesn't access shared resources

A segment of code that runs only once

A segment of code that runs forever

A synchronization tool for process coordination

A type of memory

A type of file

A type of process

Mutex is a binary semaphore, semaphore can be counting

Semaphore is a binary mutex, mutex can be counting

Both are the same

Neither is used for synchronization

Two or more processes waiting for each other to release resources

A process waiting for its own resource

A process terminating normally

A process running indefinitely

Mutual Exclusion, Hold and Wait, No Preemption, Circular Wait

Parallel Processing, Shared Memory, Priority Inversion

Resource Allocation, Process Scheduling, Memory Management

CPU Management, I/O Management, File Management

To prevent deadlock

To detect deadlock

To recover from deadlock

To ignore deadlock

To manage allocation and deallocation of memory

To manage CPU scheduling

To manage I/O operations

To manage file systems

Physical is hardware address, logical is program address

Logical is hardware address, physical is program address

Both are hardware addresses

Both are program addresses

Dividing physical memory into fixed-size blocks called frames

Dividing memory into variable-size blocks

Moving processes between memory and disk

Allocating contiguous memory to processes

Segmentation divides by logical units, paging divides by fixed size

Paging divides by logical units, segmentation divides by fixed size

Both divide by logical units

Both divide by fixed size

Memory that appears to be larger than physical memory

Memory that is always physically available

Memory that cannot be accessed

Memory that is only used for the OS

Accessing a page that is not in memory

Accessing a page that is in memory

A page that is corrupted

A page that is protected

Replaces the oldest page in memory

Replaces the least recently used page

Replaces the most recently used page

Replaces a random page

Replaces the least recently used page

Replaces the most recently used page

Replaces the oldest page

Replaces the newest page

Replaces the page that will not be used for the longest time

Replaces the least recently used page

Replaces the oldest page

Replaces a random page

A circular buffer approach to page replacement

A stack-based approach to page replacement

A queue-based approach to page replacement

A tree-based approach to page replacement

To track if a page has been accessed

To track if a page has been modified

To track the page location

To track the page size

Excessive page fault activity reducing performance

Page faults being handled efficiently

Memory being used optimally

Pages being replaced optimally

A method of organizing and storing files on storage devices

A type of memory

A type of process

A type of scheduling

A file stores data, a directory stores files and directories

A directory stores data, a file stores other files

Both store data

Both store directories

To track where files are stored on disk

To track which files are open

To track file permissions

To track file sizes

Contiguous, Linked, Indexed

Sequential, Random, Direct

FAT, NTFS, ext4

Primary, Secondary, Tertiary

To control access to files

To control file size

To control file location

To control file type

Different file systems with different features and capabilities

Same file system with different names

Different operating systems

Different types of memory

To manage input and output devices

To manage memory

To manage processes

To manage files

Software that controls a specific I/O device

A hardware component

A type of file

A type of memory

Polling checks device status, interrupts are triggered by device

Interrupts check device status, polling is triggered by device

Both check device status

Both are triggered by device

Allowing I/O devices to access memory without CPU intervention

Direct CPU access to memory

Memory access through the CPU

Memory access through the OS

To temporarily store data during I/O operations

To permanently store data

To delete data

To compress data

To queue jobs for output devices

To delete jobs

To prioritize jobs

To cancel jobs

HDD uses mechanical parts, SSD uses flash memory

SSD uses mechanical parts, HDD uses flash memory

Both use mechanical parts

Both use flash memory

The process of ordering disk requests to optimize performance

The process of formatting disks

The process of partitioning disks

The process of defragmenting disks

First Come First Served

First Cylinder First Served

Fast Cylinder First Served

File Cylinder First Served

Moves disk arm in one direction, then reverses

Moves disk arm in a circular pattern

Moves disk arm to nearest request

Moves disk arm to farthest request

To prepare the disk for storing data

To delete all data

To optimize disk performance

To check for errors

Redundant Array of Independent Disks

Random Access Independent Disks

Redundant Access Independent Disks

Random Array of Independent Disks

To protect system resources and data from unauthorized access

To improve system performance

To manage memory

To manage processes

Virus needs host program, worm is self-replicating

Worm needs host program, virus is self-replicating

Both need host programs

Both are self-replicating

To verify the identity of a user

To provide user interface

To manage user files

To schedule user tasks

Authentication verifies identity, authorization grants permissions

Authorization verifies identity, authentication grants permissions

Both verify identity

Both grant permissions

A system that monitors and controls network traffic

A system that manages memory

A system that manages processes

A system that manages files

Users should have only the minimum privileges needed

Users should have all privileges

Users should have no privileges

Users should have random privileges

An OS that runs on multiple interconnected computers

An OS that runs on a single computer

An OS that runs on mobile devices

An OS that runs on embedded systems

Distributed OS presents a single system image, network OS doesn't

Network OS presents a single system image, distributed OS doesn't

Both present a single system image

Neither presents a single system image

To move processes between systems for load balancing

To terminate processes

To create new processes

To schedule processes

A file system that spans multiple computers

A file system on a single computer

A file system on a mobile device

A file system on a cloud server

To allow programs to execute procedures on remote systems

To allow programs to execute locally

To manage memory remotely

To manage files remotely

RPC is for procedural languages, RMI is for object-oriented languages

RMI is for procedural languages, RPC is for object-oriented languages

Both are for procedural languages

Both are for object-oriented languages

An OS designed for applications with strict timing requirements

An OS that runs in real time

An OS that runs slowly

An OS that runs on mobile devices

Hard RTOS must meet deadlines, soft RTOS can miss deadlines occasionally

Soft RTOS must meet deadlines, hard RTOS can miss deadlines occasionally

Both must meet deadlines

Both can miss deadlines

To ensure timely execution of tasks

To execute tasks randomly

To execute tasks slowly

To execute tasks sequentially

Preemptive allows higher priority tasks to interrupt, non-preemptive doesn't

Non-preemptive allows higher priority tasks to interrupt, preemptive doesn't

Both allow interruptions

Neither allows interruptions

A lower priority task holding a resource needed by a higher priority task

A higher priority task holding a resource needed by a lower priority task

Tasks having equal priority

Tasks having random priority

To temporarily increase priority of a task holding a resource

To temporarily decrease priority of a task holding a resource

To permanently increase priority

To permanently decrease priority

Linus Torvalds

Richard Stallman

Bill Gates

Steve Jobs

A project to create a free Unix-like operating system

A project to create Windows

A project to create macOS

A project to create Android

A command-line interface to interact with the OS

A graphical user interface

A file system

A type of memory

Linux is a free version of Unix

Unix is a free version of Linux

Both are the same

Neither is related

To store system configuration files

To store user files

To store device files

To store temporary files

To store device files

To store system configuration files

To store user files

To store temporary files

A microkernel-based architecture

A monolithic architecture

A hybrid architecture

A layered architecture

A database for system configuration

A file system

A memory management system

A process management system

To manage system resources

To provide user interface

To manage files

To manage networks

Windows 11 has updated UI, better performance, and new features

Windows 10 has updated UI, Windows 11 has better performance

Both are the same

Windows 11 is discontinued

To provide security patches and feature updates

To uninstall applications

To manage files

To manage devices

WSL uses less resources and provides better integration with Windows

VM uses less resources than WSL

Both are the same

WSL cannot run Linux applications

Google

Apple

Microsoft

Linux Foundation

Linux kernel

Windows kernel

macOS kernel

Unix kernel

To execute Android applications

To manage files

To manage devices

To manage networks

Android is open source, iOS is proprietary

iOS is open source, Android is proprietary

Both are open source

Both are proprietary

Android Package file for app installation

Android Kernel file

Android Configuration file

Android Resource file

To control app access to system resources

To control app installation

To control app deletion

To control app updates

Creating virtual versions of computing resources

Creating physical versions of computing resources

Deleting computing resources

Modifying computing resources

Type 1 runs on bare metal, Type 2 runs on host OS

Type 2 runs on bare metal, Type 1 runs on host OS

Both run on bare metal

Both run on host OS

To package applications with their dependencies

To create virtual machines

To manage networks

To manage storage

VMs include an entire OS, containers share the host OS

Containers include an entire OS, VMs share the host OS

Both include an entire OS

Both share the host OS

To manage virtual machines

To manage physical machines

To manage networks

To manage storage

To provide on-demand computing resources over the internet

To provide local computing resources

To delete computing resources

To slow down computing resources

64-bit can address more memory and has better performance

32-bit can address more memory than 64-bit

Both can address the same memory

64-bit is slower than 32-bit

A background process that provides system services

A user interface process

A file management process

A memory management process

To allow processes to move between queues based on behavior

To keep all processes in one queue

To randomize process selection

To prioritize all processes equally

A high-level synchronization construct

A low-level synchronization construct

A type of memory

A type of process

To translate virtual to physical addresses

To manage CPU scheduling

To manage I/O operations

To manage file systems

To track if a page has been modified

To track if a page has been accessed

To track the page location

To track the page size

To maintain a log of file system changes for recovery

To speed up file access

To compress files

To encrypt files

Synchronous I/O blocks until complete, asynchronous I/O doesn't

Asynchronous I/O blocks until complete, synchronous I/O doesn't

Both block until complete

Neither blocks until complete

To reorganize files for better performance

To delete files

To compress files

To encrypt files

Malicious software disguised as legitimate software

A virus that replicates itself

A self-replicating worm

A harmless program

To ensure agreement among distributed systems

To increase performance

To decrease latency

To improve security

To schedule periodic tasks based on their periods

To schedule tasks randomly

To schedule tasks based on priority

To schedule tasks based on size

To list directory contents

To list processes

To list files

To list directories

To manage processes and system performance

To manage files

To manage networks

To manage devices

To manage app states during execution

To manage app installation

To manage app deletion

To manage app updates

Virtualization is faster, emulation simulates hardware

Emulation is faster, virtualization simulates hardware

Both are the same

Neither is used in modern computing

To load the operating system into memory

To manage files

To manage processes

To manage memory

To create a new process

To create a new file

To create a new directory

To create a new thread

To cache page table entries

To manage file system

To manage I/O

To manage processes

To protect data from unauthorized access

To protect data from corruption

To protect data from deletion

To protect data from compression

Consistency, Availability, Partition tolerance

Consistency, Availability, Performance

Consistency, Availability, Security

Consistency, Availability, Scalability

To change file permissions

To change file owner

To change file content

To change file location

To manage system settings

To manage files

To manage networks

To manage devices

IaaS provides infrastructure, PaaS provides platform, SaaS provides software

PaaS provides infrastructure, IaaS provides platform, SaaS provides software

SaaS provides infrastructure, IaaS provides platform, PaaS provides software

All provide the same service